FHA Home Loans – Credit Requirements
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This is the second in a series of four posts that deal with important aspects of FHA financing. The first post provided an overview of the program. This post will detail the credit requirements necessary to obtain an FHA home loan.
Traditional Credit History
This describes the typical credit history that most people tend to establish over time. As consumers utilize credit in its many forms (credit cards, car loans, student loans, mortgages etc.) detailed histories of how they have managed their credit responsibilities are collected by at least three credit bureaus. In addition, each bureau also computes a composite credit score commonly known as your FICO score (stands for Fair Isaac Corporation, the company that created the current credit-scoring models).
The FHA lender will review the FICO scores as well as the details of the individual’s credit history to determine how well a Borrower has managed credit in the past. NOTE: You may obtain a free credit report once each year, from each of the three major bureaus (Equifax, Experian and Transunion) by going to www.annualcreditreport.com. There are many websites where you can obtain your FICO scores, usually for a fee. One popular site is www.myfico.com.
Derogatory Credit
You knew we would get there eventually. Derogatory, or negative, credit are the dents and dings that people can incur in their financial lives. Here is a breakdown of how FHA lenders consider such items:
- all derogatory items within the last 24 months require a written and signed letter of explanation
- “minor” derogatory remarks older that 24 months do not require explanation
- all “major” derogs require written explanation, regardless of age (the FHA lender determines what is minor vs. major)
- collections are considered major derogs and must be explained; most FHA lenders will require them to be paid off
- judgments must likewise be paid off unless a verifiable repayment plan is in force and all payments have been made to-date
- a foreclosure must be at least 3 years old, but may be less than that for certain documented extenuating circumstances beyond the Borrower’s control (I.e. serious illness, death of a wage-earner). Divorce will not normally be considered.
- Chapter 7 bankruptcy discharge must be at least 2 years old with no new derogatory credit issues after the discharge; may be less than 2 years with acceptable extenuating circumstances. Less than 12 months not allowed
- Chapter 13 and/or Consumer Credit Counseling allowed with at least a 12-month history of on-time payments; permission of the bankruptcy court or counseling agency is required
Non-Traditional or Alternative Credit
The FHA allows for Borrowers without traditional credit histories to document their bill-paying behavior by showing on-time payment of other types of consumer bills such as rents, utility bills and car insurance. Such documentation cannot be used to enhance an existing traditional credit report or offset other derogatory credit
A Final Word On Credit
As you can see, the FHA has certain minimum standards and requirements, yet also allows FHA-approved lenders a certain degree of discretion in some areas. It is up to the lender’s underwriter to render a final decision on the creditworthiness of a particular Borrower. Some lenders may add additional requirements as well, but can never ignore or toss out FHA guidelines. Click here to go to the FHA’s consumer website.
The next post in this series, to post here shortly, will discuss income and employment requirements for obtaining FHA financing.
For more information contact Paul Gonzales, Manager, Countywide Mortgage Inc (760) 746-7388 or paulforloans@aol.com
